Like most web developers, I use Linux on a daily basis. Because I always have to revisit how to do some of the basics from time to time I thought I’d put together a list of some of the commands I use the most along with some of their examples. NOTE: the paths are all from RHEL 4 and CENTOS 4 & 5.

Enjoy!

MySQL

Example of mysqldump::

mysqldump -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE > filename.sql

Example of restore DB::

mysql -u USER -p DBNAME < dump.sql

Start the MySQL service::

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

Stop MySQL service::

/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

Add User::

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'USER'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Export Single Table::

mysqldump --opt -u USER-pPASSWORD DataBaseName TableName > FileName

rsync

rsync is used primarily synchronize data between two directories or servers.

Sync 2 servers

rsync -p -r -a -z -v /path/to/dir 2.2.2.2:/path/to/dir

Sync 2 directories

rsync -p -r -a -z -v /path/to/dir /path/to/new/dir

Lighttpd

Start the lighttpd service::

/etc/init.d/lighttpd start

Stop the lighttpd service::

/etc/init.d/lighttpd stop

Path to conf::

/etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

SSH

Restart SSH Server

/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd restart

Start SSH Server

/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd start

Stop SSH Server

/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd stop

Tar/GZ

Create tarball

tar -cvf directory.tar directory/

Create gzipped tar file

tar -czvf directory.tgz directory/

Extracting tarball:

tar -xvf directory.tar

Extracing gzipped tar:

tar -xzvf directory.tgz

Misc.

Delete the mail queue

rm /var/spool/mqueue/*

Count files in directory recursively

ls -R -1 proc | wc -l